Introduction Urbanisation has had a dramatic effect on the landscape of our cities. We have altered the environment so drastically that our natural systems are suffering and their vital role in maintaining a healthy ecosystem has become compromised. Rivers, swamps, creeks, aquifers and even the bushland corridors are being squeezed out and their importance is often overlooked - until it’s too late. As Margaret Cook wrote in a history of Brisbane floods, the underlying presence of natural systems show themselves in events such as land subsidence, floods and even fires. The Brisbane River - and many other rivers throughout the world - have become victims of urbanisation and can no longer be appreciated for its life-giving properties. This article will examine the effects of urbanisation on natural systems, and explore the solutions being implemented to help restore them. Effects of Urban Sprawl on Natural Systems Urban sprawl is one of the most widespread and significant causes of damage to natural systems. As cities rapidly expand and encroach on the areas around them, their natural systems are the first to be impacted. With less space to function properly, resources become strained and the environment is put under increased pressure. The most obvious issue is the loss of vegetation and wildlife habitat. As more and more of the landscape is developed and converted into roads, buildings and other urban infrastructure, the amount of green space and natural habitat decreases. This can have many impacts, from animals being displaced, to the disruption of delicate ecosystems. It also limits the ability of rivers, wetlands and other natural systems to store water, adjust to climate change and provide other essential services to the environment. In addition to habitat loss, urbanised rivers, swamps and wetlands often suffer from pollution and other forms of contamination. As industry and other activities occur within cities, chemicals, dirt and waste products can enter into natural systems and disrupt their delicate balance. This can have many effects on the environment, from reduced water quality to ecosystem disruption. Finally, urbanisation can increase erosion and flooding. As cities expand and more of the environment is disturbed, the land can become unstable and unable to retain rainfall. This can lead to more frequent and severe floods, as well as land subsidence due to the loss of vegetation. Restoration and Solutions The impact of urbanisation on natural systems is clear, but there are many solutions and approaches that can be used to help bring them back to sustainability. The most important step is to increase the amount of green space in urban areas. This can be achieved through the implementation of green corridors, parks, wetlands and other green initiatives. Green spaces provide sanctuary for animals, allow for improved water filtration and hydrologic cycle, and provide beauty and recreation for citizens. Another important aspect of restoration is the protection of existing natural systems. We must ensure that our rivers, wetlands and forests are preserved and allowed to function without disruption. This can be done through the implementation of regulations and policies such as the conservation of riparian buffers, exclusion of development near wetlands, and the establishment of parks and reserves. Finally, we must also strive to reduce our pollution and our impact on the environment. This can involve reducing the use of chemicals, improving waste management and reducing our energy consumption. This can help to reduce the amount of contamination entering our natural systems, and help to ensure their long-term sustainability. Conclusion Urbanisation has had a profound effect on our natural systems, compromising their ability to function properly and impacting their health. Rivers, swamps, wetlands and forests are all being squeezed out as cities expand. However, there are a number of solutions we can implement to help restore them, from increasing green space to reducing pollution. With the right approach, we can ensure that our natural systems remain healthy and able to provide us with the resources and services they are capable of.
https://www.lifetechnology.com/blogs/life-technology-science-news/what-if-urban-plans-gave-natural-systems-the-space-to-recover-from-the-cities-built-over-them
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